Biography:

Salah A Mohamed has completed his PhD from University of Bremen and Postdoctoral studies from Institute of Legal Medicine and Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Luebeck. Currently he is an Associate Professor of Experimental Cardiac Surgery at University of Luebeck. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

Bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital heart disease and in approximately 50% of cases it is associated with aneurysms of any or all segments of the aorta. Ascending aortic aneurysm is responsible for 1%-2% of all deaths in industrialized countries and poses a challenge on the growing and aging society. Although aortic aneurysms are generally benign, a progressive increase in their diameter can lead to catastrophic and fatal event of acute aortic dissection and aortic rupture. Comprehensive genetic, molecular and proteomic analyses have increased our understanding of the complex cellular processes and signaling involved in the pathophysiology of ascending aortic aneurysms. To support the two known hypotheses proposed to explain the causality in aneurysm formation, intrinsic factors related to vascular remodeling were further investigated and analyzed in patients with congenital BAV and Marfan Syndrome (MFS). In MFS, mutations are present in the gene encoding for the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1, which causes the dysregulation of transforming growth factor-beta signaling. The second hypothesis proposes a weakening of the aortic wall by steady laminar shear stress caused by the malformed BAV. This theory is supported by the asymmetrical extracellular matrix protein expression patterns and vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis within the proximal BAV aorta, indicating shear stress-induced changes at certain sites. The interactions between mechanical forces and biological functions are intimately coupled. The medial degeneration in thoracic aortic aneurysms in MFS and tricuspid aortic valve patients shows a progressive increase as the patient’s age. The BAV and ascending aortic aneurysm appears to share multiple etiologies. In BAV-associated aortopathy, the flow conditions and oxidative stress play a decisive role in the dilation of the ascending aorta. Summary of some of the recent developments in the field of cellular and molecular analysis, targeting and highlighting the molecular aspects which could help in elucidating the etiology of aortopathy and help in the development of biomarkers in the clinical setting will also be provided. 

Biography:

Yousef Salama has completed his PhD from the Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan. He is currently working as a Professor at An-Najah National University, School of Medicine. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals in the field of cancer and stem cell research.

Abstract:

Inflammation is a well-established driver of carcinogenesis and inflammatory bowel disease patients have an increased risk of developing Colorectal Cancer (CRC). We found high intratumoral expression of the fibrinolytic factor Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (tPA) in human colorectal tissues. Using the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis model, we demonstrate that tPA and plasmin are up-regulated during colon carcinogenesis. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of plasmin or tPA suppressed inflammation-induced tumor formation in AOM/DSS induced mice. Mechanistically, tPA downregulated AP2a and miR-126 by activating NF-kB signaling. Furthermore, tPA via miR126 deregulates factors like HB-EGF, proteases (tPA or MMP9) and CCL2 that are known to promote inflammation-induced CRC. Taken together, our study indicates that targeting plasmin may be useful in the prevention of colon cancer in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. 

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Alka Tomar has completed PhD from ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar and BSc (1978) from Lucknow University and Postdoctoral training at ICGEB, New Delhi, India. She has established Tumor Immunology Laboratory (1996) and published more than 25 research papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Avian Leukosis/Sarcoma Virus (AL/SV), classified as genus Alpharetrovirus under subfamily Orthoretrovirinae and family Retroviridae with Avian Leukosis Virus (ALV) as type species, constitute Leukosis/Sarcoma (L/S) group of diseases/ infections in field flocks. One of the most harmful diseases, L/S group of diseases cause enormous and significant economic losses to global poultry industry due to various neoplastic/non-neoplastic conditions, morbidity and subclinical production losses, besides public health concerns through genome integration, infected chicken origin food products, live virus vaccines and newer virus emergence. AL/SV infection is diagnosed by detection of specific proteins/glycoproteins, which are encoded by gag, pol, env genes. Detection of major gsAg/p27 by sandwich Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) or antibodies to p27 by indirect ELISA is the most common biologic/serologic assay currently in-vogue worldwide for diagnosis of AL/SV infections/group of diseases. As p27 is shared among all subgroups falling under exogenous (infectious) and endogenous (majorly noninfectious sequences) viruses, these assays fail to differentiate among different subgroups. Hence, alternate biomarkers need to be worked upon for convenient, precise and early diagnosis of AL/SV infections/group of diseases in poultry flocks. Surface proteomes were prepared from exogenous ALV-A induced liver lymphoma in three dead chickens, as compared Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV) induced liver lymphoma in one dead chicken and apparently normal liver tissue from freshly slaughtered chicken. Protein profile resolved in 12% resolving gel in nondenaturing/ native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (native-PAGE) revealed 6-9 bands in ALV-A induced liver lymphoma, as compared six bands in MDV induced liver lymphoma and 10 bands in apparently normal liver tissue surface proteomes. Polypeptide profile resolved in 15% resolving gel in denaturing/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS)-PAGE revealed 19 bands (Mean±SE 10.68±0.0-113.85±0.16 kDa) as compared to 11 bands (15.07.60-126.08 kDa) in MDV induced liver lymphoma and 17 bands (10.96-121.75 kDa) in apparently normal liver tissue surface proteomes. Expression or loss of polypeptides from ALV-A induced liver lymphoma and MDV induced liver lymphoma surface proteomes are under exploration as future biomarkers for diagnosis of AL/SV infection/group of diseases in chickens. 

Biography:

Saima Rafique is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Physics at Air University, Pakistan. Her major interest is the development of nanomaterial and device such as immunosensors for primal detection of cancer and their clinical trials.

Abstract:

A sensitive electrochemical immunosensor was developed based on the three-dimensional gold electrode for detection of broad range of CA 125 antigen. The Gold Nanostructures (GNS) with large surface area are highly effective for detection of CA 125 cancer biomarker and through human serum. The sensing properties of GNS immunosensor was examined by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with ferricyanide as an electrochemical redox indicator. The developed sandwich electrochemical immunosensor offers an excellent response to detect CA 125 antigen with wide dynamic range from μgml-1 to fgml-1 with low detection limit of 1 fgml-1. The immunosensor is stable, reproducible for the clinical serum samples tested with the developed immunosensor. The prepared immunosensor has the potential to detect CA 125 biomarker as a control and in clinical samples which show abnormally high or low levels of CA 125 in serum. 

Biography:

Fahimeh Faghihi Moghadam has completed her Master of Science degre from Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran. She is currently working as a Director of Whole Body Hyperthermia at Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital. She has published more than 22 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a Member of European Society of Hyperthermic Oncology at European Society of Hyperthermic Oncology, Germany and also Member of Iranian Association of Medical Physicists.

Abstract:

Hyperthermia refers to elevation tumor temperature from 39 up to 43 degree Celsius. Actually therapeutic hyperthermia has been used as an adjuvant treatment for cancer, since end of the 19th century after observations William Coley who found that tumor is diminished after induction of fever by bacterial toxins. Hyperthermia therapy refers to treatment tumors through heating which has been used since the time of the ancient Egyptians. The term hyperthermia in oncology means treatment of malignant disease by heating in different ways. Hyperthermia nowadays can be applied in combination with other modalities such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy in cancer treatment. Actually the exact mechanism of direct HT-induced cell death is not well understood. Typically there are three categories for hyperthermia, including local, regional and whole body. Based on the temperature whole body hyperthermia classify in three type, mild, fever range and extreme. In mild hyperthermia, the temperature is from 37.5 up to 38.5 degree Celsius in fever range hyperthermia, 38.5 up to 40 degree Celsius and extreme hyperthermia, the temperature above 40 degree Celsius. Nowadays whole body hyperthermia known as immunotherapy related to cancer treatment in oncology. To regard as many studies that has demonstrated immunological effects of Fever Range Whole-body Hyperthermia (FR-WBH). The most important role of elevation temperature in fever range is immunological effects. It is now appreciated that heating tumors (in situ) can activate vascular, metabolic and immunologic parameters of the tumor microenvironment which may play an additional role in radio chemosensitization beyond hyperthermia induced cell killing of tumor cells. Here we will review whole body hyperthermia related to cancer treatment. 

Biography:

Shaimaa Ahmed Abdel-Mougood has completed her Masters and Diploma degree in Biotechnology from Alexandria University, Egypt. She is interested in pharmaceutical biotechnology, molecular biology, cell biology, oncology, photochemistry, nanotechnology and drug-design researches.

Abstract:

Introduction & Aim: Survivin gene is a member of IAP (Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins) family. It’s over expression has been demonstrated in tumors of breast, as well as in esophagus, pancreas, bladder, uterus, cervix, ovary, large-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and leukemia, neuroblastomas, melanomas, gastric tumors, colon, stomach, liver, oral, thyroid, laryngeal, osteosarcoma and prostate cancer. The main objective was to investigate the level of this marker in treated and untreated Ehrlich tumor bearing mice with prodigiosin (a red pigment extracted from Serratia marcesens has different biological functions) and study of its relationship with the growth of tumor and survival of Ehrlich tumor bearing mice.

Methods: Apoptosis was investigated by immunohistochemistry staining technique and survivin gene expression was investigated quantitatively PCR in six different groups of Erlich tumor bearing mice each group has 10 mice and groups were classified as follow: Group (A1) treated with 5 mg prodigiosin for 14 days; group (A2) treated with 5 mg prodigiosin for 21 days; group (B1) treated with 10 mg prodigiosin for 14 days; group (B2) treated with 10 mg prodigiosin for 21 days; group (C1) untreated group and killed after 14 days and group (C2) untreated group and killed after 21 days.

Results: Survivin gene expression was decreased in treated groups (A1, A2, B1 and B2 groups) compared to those without treatment (C1 and C2 groups) and it was clear that survivin expression was affected by both time factor (14 vs.21 days) and prodigosin dosage (5 mg vs.10 mg prodigosin/kg body weight) which are two key determinants affecting the good response in treated groups. Extending the treatment time from 14 to 21 days in both groups A1 vs. B1 and A2 vs. B2 respectively resulted in significant decrease in surviving expressions in both groups. For insistence, in B2 group (10 mg prodigosin/kg body weight for 21 days), the level of survivin expression decreased 4.38 times than that of the untreated group (C2 only tumor cells). Whilst, in A2 group (10 mg prodigosin/kg body weight for 14 days), the level of survivin expression decreased 1.55 times that than of the untreated group (C2, only tumor cells). Pertaining to prodigosin dosage, it was clear that increasing the dosage from 5-10 mg /kg body weight resulted in significant reduction in survivin expression from (1.197-1.55) and (2.22-4.38) compared to C1 and C2 groups, respectively.

Conclusion: Survivin gene expression levels showed a significant relationship with prodigiosin doses and time of treatment. This notion is clinically important, because increased survivin expression is closely associated with tumorigenesis, poor prognosis and drug resistance.

Biography:

Hina Saeed is working as Doctoral Researcher in Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bhawalpur, Pakistan.

Abstract:

Biomarkers are quantifiable indicator related to any physiological change in the body. There are different types of biomarker in the sera of breast cancer patients has been studied which is either circulating or non-circulating in nature. In breast cancer, tumor markers, cancer antigen and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) have been used to help monitor advanced disease. However, like most circulating protein biomarkers, miRNAs, they suffer from sub-optimum performance and more accurate molecules are needed, alone or in combination with existing biomarkers. Therefore, the improved ability to monitor malignancy in the blood from breast cancer patients using biomarkers may be helpful for determining response to treatments in the future. 

Biography:

Shahrzad Soleimani has completed her Master of Science degree from Shahrekord Azad University, Iran. She is currently working as the Director of Laboratory Science Departments in Jahad University, Isfahan, Iran. She has published more than 5 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Introduction & Aim: Sentinel lymph node micrometastasis detection improves outcome for breast cancer follow up procedure. The aim of the current study is to identify gene profiles that accurately predicted the outcome of breast cancer patients. The HOXB13/IL17B ratio in addition to mammaglobin expression status has been evaluated regarding to tumor’s features.

Method: Fifty (50) tumor sample from breast cancer patients were analyzed for the expression of three genes using quantitative-PCR. Also clinical verification for recurrence to distant organs was performed. Three gene signatures were confirmed based on tumor’s stage, grade, ER status using conditional logistic regression.

Results: Based on these findings, the negative reported lymph nodes for metastasis had micro metastasis in significant values. There was a significant difference between normal and cancer samples in three gene expression markers and also there was meaningful relationship between three gene expressions with tumor’s grade, stage according to progression of tumor.

Conclusion: A novel gene expression signature predictive of micro metastatic patients was evaluated. In this analysis, relationship between these genes with tumor features that finding clear role for these genes with tumor’s outcome needs to be established. 

Biography:

Priya Shukla is currently pursuing her Bachelor of Technology degree in Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, India with aspirations to serve patients utilizing her technical knowledge.

Abstract:

Orthopedic disorders are diverse and many a times we get co-existing pathologies existing in a same patient at the same time. Therapeutic modalities need to be planned such that we can address all the pathologies at the same time. This needs a lot of varying investigations and biomarker assessments to be done in a single sitting. In emergency situation, when the life and limb salvage procedures are being done on the patient, the treating team might miss to recall some of the investigative procedures. Our aim was to make an android application which assists the emergency orthopedic team for complete management of the patient. We created an android application on the basis of iterative water fall model. The main objective of iterative development is to build the system incrementally, starting from the partial system features and gradually adding more features until the entire system is completed. The model passed through various phases like system and software requirements, architectural and detailed design, coding, testing, etc. Initially the data flow diagram was made which passed through level-1 assessment followed by entity relationship diagram. We delivered a working android application which will help orthopedic surgeons and the attendants of patients to understand the type and seriousness of ailment they are suffering from. The treating team will not miss any investigation or therapeutic need after making diagnosis of the patient.